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¡Ü Must / Ought to


Study Point 1   ÇÊ¿ä, Àǹ«¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Must
 
must´Â¡¸~ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡¹´Â Çʿ䳪 Àǹ«, ´çÀ§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
 
We must stop smoking.
   (¿ì¸®´Â ±Ý¿¬À» ÇØ¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
She must come back by 9:00.
   (±×³à´Â 9½Ã°¡Áö µ¹¾Æ¿Í¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
I must be going now.
   (³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦ °¡¾ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù.)
 
We must eat to live.
   (¿ì¸®´Â »ì±â À§ÇØ ¸Ô¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
You must do as you are told.
   (´ç½ÅÀº Áö½Ã¹ÞÀº´ë·Î ÇØ¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.)
 



¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ 1 : Àǹ«³ª ´çÀ§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â must´Â have to / has to·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. mustÀÇ ¹Ì·¡ÇüÀº will have to, mustÀÇ °ú°ÅÇüÀº had to¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
 
You must stop smoking. £½ You have to stop smoking.
    (±Ý¿¬ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
He has to study English hard.
    (±×´Â ¿µ¾î°øºÎ¸¦ ¿­½ÉÈ÷ ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
She will have to work tomorrow.
    (±×³à´Â ³»ÀÏ ÀÏÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
 
You will have to go there even if you don't like it.
    (ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ ³Ê´Â °Å±â °¡¾ß¸¸ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
 
They had to enter the room right away.
    (±×µéÀº Áï½Ã ¹æ¿¡ µé¾î°¡¾ß¸¸ Çß´Ù.)
 
Do I have to wait here?
    (¿©±â¼­ ±â´Ù·Á¾ß Çմϱî?)
 



¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ 2 ¡¸~ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡¹´Â ¶æÀÇ mustÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ : ¡¸~ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡¹´Â ¶æÀÇ Çʿ䳪 Àǹ«, ´çÀ§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â mustÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àº¡¸~ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â need not À̳ª don't have to¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
 
You don't have to rewrite this letter.
    = You need not rewrite this letter.
    (´ç½ÅÀº ÀÌ ÆíÁö¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ¾µ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù.)
 
We don't have to do it now.
    (¿ì¸®´Â ±×°ÍÀ» Áö±Ý ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù.)
 
You must pay the money, but you need not do so at once.
    (´ç½ÅÀº ±× µ·À» ÁöºÒÇØ¾ß ÇÏÁö¸¸ Áö±Ý ´çÀå ±×·¸°Ô ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù.)
 





Study Point 2   ±ÝÁö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Must not
 
must notÀº¡¸~ÇØ¼­´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â °­ÇÑ ±ÝÁöÀÇ ¶æÀ» °®´Â´Ù.
 
One must not tell a lie.
   (°ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇØ¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.)
 
You must not smoke in here.
   (ÀÌ ¾È¿¡¼­ ´ã¹è¸¦ ÇÇ¿ì¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.)
 
They must not do it.
   (±×µéÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ÇØ¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.)
 
Children must not say such a thing.
   (¾ÆÀ̵éÀº ±×·± ¸»À» ÇØ¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.)
 
You must not expect me to help you.
   (³»°¡ ´ç½ÅÀ» µµ¿ï °Å¶ó°í ±â´ëÇØ¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.)
 





Study Point 3   °­ÇÑ ÃßÃøÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Must
 
must´Â¡¸~ÀÓ¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â °­ÇÑ ÃßÃøÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¸ç, À̿Ͱ°ÀÌ °­ÇÑ ÃßÃøÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â must¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎÁ¤Àº¡¸~ÀÏ ¸®°¡ ¾ø´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â cannot¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
 
What he said must be true.
   (±×°¡ ¸»ÇÑ °ÍÀº »ç½ÇÀÓ¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.)
 
He must be ill.
   (±×´Â Ʋ¸²¾øÀÌ ¾ÆÇÁ´Ù.)
 
She must be a dentist.
   (±×³à´Â Ä¡°úÀÇ»çÀÓ¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.)
 
That must be false; it cannot be true.
   (±×°ÍÀº Ʋ¸²¾øÀÌ °ÅÁþ¸»ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ »ç½ÇÀÏ ¸®°¡ ¾ø´Ù.)
 
He cannot be at home.
   (±×°¡ Áý¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¸® ¾ø´Ù.)
 



¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ  ¡¸must have+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ : ¡¸~ÇßÀ½¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â °ú°Å »ç½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °­ÇÑ ÃßÃøÀº¡¸must have+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹·Î ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
 
He must have graduated from the university by then.
    (±× ¶§ÂëÀÌ¸é Æ²¸²¾øÀÌ ±×´Â ´ëÇÐÀ» Á¹¾÷Çß¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
 
He must have stayed up all night.
    (±×´Â ¹ãÀ» »õ¿üÀ½ÀÌ Æ²¸²¾ø´Ù.)
 
She must have lost her way.
    (±×³à´Â ±æÀ» ÀÒ¾úÀ½¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.)
 
Jane must have been ill.
    (Á¦ÀÎÀº ¾ÆÆÍÀ½¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.)
 





Study Point 4   Àǹ«¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Ought to
 
ought to´Â¡¸~ ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡¹´Â Àǹ«¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â must¿Í °°Àº ¶æÀÇ Á¶µ¿»çÀÌ´Ù. ought toÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÇüÀº ought not toÀÌ´Ù.
 
You ought to respect the old.
   (³ëÀεéÀ» Á¸°æÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
You ought to obey your parents.
   (ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ¸»¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
He ought to pay his debts within 15 days.
   (±×´Â 15ÀÏ À̳»¿¡ ±×ÀÇ ºÎ並 °±¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
 
You ought not to tell the secret.
   (´ç½ÅÀº ±× ºñ¹ÐÀ» ¸»Çؼ­´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù.)
 
You ought not to lose this chance.
   (´ç½ÅÀº À̹ø ±âȸ¸¦ ³õÃļ­´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù.)
 



¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ  ¡¸ought to have+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ : ¡¸ought to have+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹´Â °ú°Å »ç½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃßÃøÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â¡¸must have+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ÀÇ Àǹ̰¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¡¸~Çß¾î¾ß¸¸ Çߴµ¥¡¹ÇÏ°í °ú°Å¿¡ ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÈÄȸ³ª À¯°¨À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â¡¸should have+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹¿Í °°Àº ¶æÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
 
They ought to have done it yesterday.
    (±×µéÀº ¾îÁ¦ ±×°ÍÀ» Çß¾î¾ß¸¸ Çß´Ù.)
 
You ought to have sent this letter this morning.
    (´ç½ÅÀº ¿À´Ã ¾ÆÄ§¿¡ ÀÌ ÆíÁö¸¦ ºÎÃÆ¾î¾ß¸¸ Çß´Ù.)
 




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