¡Ü Be µ¿»ç
Study Point 1
Be µ¿»çÀÇ ÇüÅÂ
be µ¿»çÀÇ ÇöÀçÇüÀº ÁÖ¾îÀÇ ÀÎΰú ¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó am, are, isÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¾²ÀδÙ. am, isÀÇ
°ú°ÅÇüÀº wasÀ̰í areÀÇ °ú°ÅÇüÀº wereÀÌ´Ù.
(1) 1ÀÎĪ
(1)
´Ü¼ö (³ª) : I am / I was
(1)
º¹¼ö (¿ì¸®) : We are / We were
(2) 2ÀÎĪ
(1)
´Ü¼ö (³Ê, ´ç½Å) : You are / You were
(1)
º¹¼ö (³ÊÈñµé, ´ç½Åµé) : You are / You were
(3) 3ÀÎĪ
(1)
´Ü¼ö (±×, ±×³à, ±×°Í) : He is, She is, It is /
(1) ´Ü¼ö (±×, ±×³à, ±×°Í) :
He was, She was, It was
(1)
º¹¼ö (±×µé, ±×°Íµé) : They are / They were
¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ 3ÀÎĪÀÇ °³³ä :
He, She, It, They»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó I, You, We¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ 3ÀÎĪÀÌ´Ù.
1) 3ÀÎĪ ´Ü¼ö : a boy, the girl, one dog, Tom, Mary, this, that,
1) 3ÀÎĪ ´Ü¼ö : my father, his sister, your teacher, that book ....
2) 3ÀÎĪ º¹¼ö : boys, the girls, two dogs, Tom and Mary, these,
2) 3ÀÎĪ º¹¼ö : those, my parents, his sisters, your teachers,
2) 3ÀÎĪ º¹¼ö : those books ....
ÁÖÀÇ 1ÀÎĪ I°¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ º¹¼ö ÁÖ¾îÀÇ ÀÎĪ :
He and I¿Í °°ÀÌ 1ÀÎĪ I°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¸»°ú ÇÔ²² º¹¼öÀÇ Á־ µÇ¸é 3ÀÎĪ º¹¼ö°¡ µÇ¾î be µ¿»ç´Â are°¡ ¾²¿¡°Ô µÈ´Ù.
He and I are good friends.
(±×¿Í ³ª´Â ÁÁÀº Ä£±¸ÀÌ´Ù.)
¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ ÁÖ¾î¿Í be µ¿»çÀÇ Ãà¾àÇü
I am ¡æ I'm
We are ¡æ We're
You are ¡æ You're
He is ¡æ He's
She is ¡æ She's
It is ¡æ It's
They are ¡æ They're
ÁÖÀÇ :
be µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅÇü was, were´Â Ãà¾àµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
Âü°í Ãà¾àÇüÀÇ ±âº» ¿øÄ¢ :
¸ðµç Ãà¾àÇü¿¡´Â apostrophe (¡¯)¸¦ ºÙÀÌ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥ (¡¯)´Â »ý·«µÈ ±ÛÀÚ ´ë½Å¿¡ ¾²´Â Ãà¾à
ºÎÈ£ÀÌ´Ù.
I am ¡æ I'm
He is ¡æ He's
You have ¡æ You've
You would ¡æ You'd
She will ¡æ she'll
are not ¡æ aren't
Âü°í : of clock ¡æ o'clock
¿¹¿Ü : will not ¡æ won't
Study Point 2
Be µ¿»çÀÇ ÀǹÌ
(1)¡¸~ÀÌ´Ù¡¹ÀÇ ÀǹÌ
(1)
I am a doctor.
(³ª´Â ÀÇ»çÀÌ´Ù.)
(1)
You are very clever.
(´ç½ÅÀº ¾ÆÁÖ ¿µ¸®ÇÏ´Ù.)
(1)
He is my teacher.
(±×´Â ³ªÀÇ ¼±»ý´ÔÀ̽ôÙ.)
(2) (Àå¼Ò³ª ¶§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ºÎ»ç(±¸)¿Í ÇÔ²²)¡¸~ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¡¹ÀÇ ÀǹÌ
(1)
Where are you?
(´ç½ÅÀº ¾îµð¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
(1)
I am in the kitchen.
(³ª´Â ºÎ¾ý¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
(1)
She is at the party now.
(±×³à´Â Áö±Ý ÆÄƼ¿¡ Âü¼®ÇØ ÀÖ´Ù.)
(1)
A cat is under the desk.
(°í¾çÀÌ ÇÑ ¸¶¸®°¡ Ã¥»ó ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
(1)
My birthday is on the fifth of May.
(³» »ýÀÏÀº 5¿ù 5¿ù³¯¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. => ³» »ýÀÏÀº 5¿ù 5ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.)
¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ There is/are ~±¸¹® :
¡¸~ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù, Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â Àǹ̸¦ °®´Â There is/are ~±¸¹®¿¡¼
There´Â Çü½Ä»óÀÇ ÁÖ¾îó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ ÁÖ¾î´Â ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
be µ¿»ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¿À´Â ¸»ÀÌ ½ÇÁúÀûÀÎ Á־ µÇ¾î be µ¿»ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¿À´Â ¸»ÀÇ ¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó be
µ¿»ç°¡ °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù.
There is a book on the desk.
(Ã¥»ó À§¿¡ Ã¥ÀÌ ÇÑ ±Ç ÀÖ´Ù.)
There are some books on the desk.
(Ã¥»ó À§¿¡ Ã¥ÀÌ ¸î ±Ç ÀÖ´Ù.)
There was a van near his house.
(±×ÀÇ Áý °¡±îÀÌ¿¡ ½ÂÇÕÂ÷ ÇÑ ´ë°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
There were many cats in the room.
(¹æ ¾È¿¡´Â °í¾çÀ̰¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
ÁÖÀÇ 1 :
There is/are ~±¸¹®¿¡¼ Çü½Ä»ó ÁÖ¾îÀÎ there´Â ¾Æ¹«·± Àǹ̵µ °®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
À̰ÍÀ» ¡¸Àú±â¿¡¡¹¶ó°í ¹ø¿ªÇؼ´Â ¾ÈµÇ¸ç, ¡¸Àú±â¿¡¡¹¶ó´Â Àǹ̸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ·Á¸é Àå¼Ò ºÎ»ç
there¸¦ µ¡ºÙ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
There was an old house on the hill.
(¾ð´ö À§¿¡ ³°Àº ÁýÀÌ ÇÑ Ã¤ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
There was an old house there on the hill.
(Àú±â ¾ð´ö À§¿¡ ³°Àº ÁýÀÌ ÇÑ Ã¤ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
ÁÖÀÇ 2 :
»ç¹°ÀÇ Á¸À縦 ³ªÅ¸³»´Â There is/are ~ ±¸¹®Àº ºÒƯÁ¤ÇÑ »ç¹°ÀÇ Á¸À縦 ³ªÅ¸³»´Â
±¸¹®À̹ǷΠƯÁ¤ÇÑ »ç¹°ÀÇ Á¸À縦 ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§´Â »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »ç¹°ÀÇ Á¸À縦
³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§´Â¡¸ÁÖ¾î+be µ¿»ç+Àå¼Ò ºÎ»ç(±¸)¡¹ÀÇ Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³»°Ô µÈ´Ù.
There is a pen on the table.
(ŹÀÚ À§¿¡ ÆæÀÌ Çϳª ÀÖ´Ù.)
There is my pen on the table. (¡¿)
¡æ My pen is on the table.
(³» ÆæÀº ŹÀÚ À§¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
There is the pen on the table. (¡¿)
¡æ The pen is on the table.
(±× ÆæÀº ŹÀÚ À§¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
(3)¡¸~ÀÌ µÇ´Ù¡¹ÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì : ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
(1)
He will be 13 years old next month.
(±×´Â ´ÙÀ½ ´Þ¿¡ 13»ìÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
(1)
She wants to be a scientist.
(±×³à´Â °úÇÐÀÚ°¡ µÇ°í ½Í¾îÇÑ´Ù.)
¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ :
be µ¿»ç°¡¡¸Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Ù¡¹´Â Àǹ̷Π¾²ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì
ÁÖ·Î ¹®¾îü¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
Leave it as it is.
(ÀÖ´Â ±×´ë·Î ³»¹ö·ÁµÎ½Ã¿À.)
God is.
(½ÅÀº Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù.)
Troy is no more.
(ÀÌÁ¦ Æ®·ÎÀÌ´Â Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.)
I think, therefore I am.
(³ª´Â »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. °í·Î ³ª´Â Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù.)
To be or not to be; that is the question.
(»ç´À³Ä Á×´À³Ä ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹®Á¦·Î´Ù.)
Study Point 3
Be µ¿»çÀÇ ºÎÁ¤¹®
be µ¿»çÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÇüÀº¡¸be µ¿»ç+not¡¹ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¾´´Ù.
I am not a doctor.
(³ª´Â Àǻ簡 ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
You are not clever.
(´ç½ÅÀº ¿µ¸®ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Ù.)
He is not my teacher.
(±×´Â ³ªÀÇ ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
I was not in the kitchen.
(³ª´Â ºÎ¾ý¿¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
They were not at the party.
(±×µéÀº ÆÄƼ¿¡ °¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ be µ¿»ç¿Í notÀÇ ´ÜÃàÇü
am not ¡æ ain't
are not ¡æ aren't
is not ¡æ isn't
was not ¡æ wasn't
were not ¡æ weren't
ÁÖÀÇ :
am notÀÇ Ãà¾àÇüÀÎ ain't´Â ±¸¾îü ¼Ó¾î·Î »ç¿ëµÉ »ÓÀ̹ǷÎ
I am notÀÇ Ãà¾àÇüÀº I ain't º¸´Ù´Â I'm notÀ» ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ º¸ÅëÀÌ´Ù.
Study Point 4
Be µ¿»çÀÇ Àǹ®¹®
(1) be µ¿»çÀÇ Àǹ®¹®Àº¡¸Be µ¿»ç+ÁÖ¾î ~?¡¹ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¾²¸ç,
(1) ±× ´ë´äÀº be µ¿»ç·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
(1)
Are you a doctor?
(´ç½ÅÀº ÀÇ»çÀԴϱî?)
- Yes, I am. [ Yes, I'm.À̶ó°í´Â ¾²Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ]
- No, I'm not.
(1)
Is she clever?
(±×³à´Â ¿µ¸®Çմϱî?)
- Yes, she is.
[ Yes, she's.¶ó°í´Â ¾²Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ]
- No, she isn't. / No, she's not.
(1)
Were they busy?
(±×µéÀº ¹Ù»¦½À´Ï±î?)
- Yes, they were.
- No, they weren't.
¢º º¸ÃæÇнÀ There is/are ~ÀÇ Àǹ®¹® :
There is/are ~ÀÇ Àǹ®¹®Àº¡¸Be µ¿»ç+there+ÁÖ¾î ~?¡¹ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¾´´Ù.
Is there a book on the desk?
(Ã¥»ó À§¿¡ Ã¥ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
- Yes, there is.
- No, there isn't. / No, there's not.
Are there some books on the desk?
(Ã¥»ó À§¿¡ Ã¥ÀÌ Á» ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
Was there a van near his house?
(±×ÀÇ Áý °¡±îÀÌ¿¡ ½ÂÇÕÂ÷ ÇÑ ´ë°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï±î?)
Were there many cats in the room?
(¹æ¾È¿¡ °í¾çÀ̰¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï±î?)
(2) Àǹ®»ç°¡ ÀÖ´Â Àǹ®¹®ÀÎ °æ¿ì´Â¡¸Àǹ®»ç+be µ¿»ç+ÁÖ¾î ~?¡¹ÀÇ
(1) ÇüÅ·Π¾´´Ù.
(1)
Who is that man?
(Àú »ç¶÷Àº ´©±¸ÀԴϱî?)
(1)
When is your birthday?
(´ç½Å »ýÀÏÀº ¾ðÁ¦ÀԴϱî?)
(1)
Where are you?
(´ç½ÅÀº ¾îµð¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
(1)
What is he doing?
(±×´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
(1)
How are you?
(´ç½ÅÀº ¾î¶»½À´Ï±î?)
(1)
Why are the children crying?
(¿Ö ±× ¾ÖµéÀº ¿ï°í ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
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